Essentially fire alarm systems are designed and developed to
detect the effects of fire and alert appropriate parties. Some
systems are much more elaborate and effective than others. The
most common type are simple home smoke detectors which sense smoke
or heat and emit a piercing noise to alert residents day or night.
They come in three major varieties known as line type, spot type
and air-sampling type.
Other fire alarm systems are based on pull stations where individuals
activate the alarm manually. These are more common in apartment
or office buildings and are often located near exits. In the United
Kingdom similar devices require that a small pane of glass be
broken to set off the alarm. Such devices are often known as “manual
pull boxes” and work great except that they require occupants
to take action rather than alerting them to do so.
More sophisticated fire alarm systems will be equipped with a
variety of automatic sensors such as:
• Heat Detectors – Work in conjunction with thermostats
to detect drastic changes in heat
• Water Flow Switches – Detect when water is or is
not flowing through the fire sprinkler system
• Valve Supervisory Switches – Indicate that a sprinkler
valve which should be open is closed
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